[Antrochoanal polyps: diagnosis and management]

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Pediatric Surgery
• Head and Neck Oncology

Background:

• Antrochoanal polyp is a unilateral, benign maxillary sinus tumor predominantly affecting children.
• The exact physiopathology of antrochoanal polyps remains unclear.
• Common presenting symptoms include unilateral nasal obstruction and discharge, though atypical presentations can occur.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of antrochoanal polyps in children.
• To emphasize the role of endoscopic surgery as the primary treatment modality.
• To outline alternative surgical approaches for recurrent or incompletely resected cases.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis relies on radiographic imaging, primarily CT scans, with MRI used less frequently.
• Surgical resection is the definitive treatment.
• Endoscopic endonasal surgery, specifically double maxillary meatotomy, is the preferred first-line approach.

Main Results:

• Endoscopic double maxillary meatotomy provides adequate exposure for complete polyp pedicle resection.
• Coagulation of the polyp pedicle insertion site is recommended.
• Recurrence or incomplete resection may necessitate an external approach, such as the Caldwell-Luc procedure.

Conclusions:

• Antrochoanal polyps are manageable pediatric maxillary sinus tumors.
• Endoscopic surgery is effective and recommended for initial treatment.
• External approaches serve as a valuable alternative for complex or recurrent cases.