Neonatal renovascular hypertension due to prenatal traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma

This report describes severe hypertension in a 7-week-old male infant found to have renovascular disease from an organized hematoma due to prenatal trauma. As such, this case illustrates a novel acquired, congenital mechanism of renovascular hypertension. The importance of considering prenatal as well as postnatal etiologies of acquired renovascular hypertension in neonates is emphasized. Likewise, attention must be drawn to the classic presentation of congestive heart failure in a child with severe hypertension.