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The persistence of the sciatic artery.

George Paraskevas1, Basilios Papaziogas, John Gigis

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. papaziog@med.auth.gr

Folia Morphologica
|February 16, 2005
PubMed
Summary

A rare persistent sciatic artery (PSA) variant, the sole blood supply to the lower limb, was observed in a cadaver. This anatomical finding highlights the PSA

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Biology
  • Embryology

Background:

  • The persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare embryonic arterial variant.
  • Typically, the PSA provides the primary blood supply to the lower limb, with underdeveloped superficial and deep femoral arteries.

Observation:

  • An exceptionally large right PSA was identified in a 79-year-old male cadaver.
  • This PSA originated from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery.
  • The superficial and deep femoral arteries were hypoplastic and lacked communication with the popliteal artery.

Findings:

  • The observed PSA was the exclusive blood supply to the lower limb.
  • The artery traversed the greater sciatic foramen and coursed alongside the sciatic nerve.
  • It continued into the popliteal fossa as the popliteal artery.

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Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of recognizing PSA variations in clinical practice.
  • Understanding the embryological basis and anatomical course of PSA is crucial for vascular interventions.
  • Variations in lower limb arterial supply necessitate careful diagnostic evaluation.