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Related Experiment Videos

Changes over time in post-seroconversion CD4 cell counts in the Italian HIV-Seroconversion Study: 1985-2002.

Maria Dorrucci1, Andrew N Phillips, Benedetta Longo

  • 1Reparto di Epidemiologia, Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Parassitarie e Immunomediate, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. marie.dorrucci@iss.it

AIDS (London, England)
|February 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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Early HIV infection shows a declining trend in CD4 cell counts over time. This study in Italy observed a significant decrease in CD4 counts post-seroconversion, indicating a need for further research into HIV progression factors.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Understanding the natural history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is crucial for monitoring disease progression.
  • Early CD4 cell counts post-seroconversion provide insights into the initial impact of HIV on the immune system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate temporal trends in early CD4 cell counts following HIV seroconversion.
  • To determine if there has been a change in CD4 cell counts in the period shortly after HIV infection over calendar time.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 1251 individuals who seroconverted to HIV in Italy (1985-2002).
  • Analysis included individuals with CD4 counts measured within 2 years of seroconversion, prior to antiretroviral therapy.
  • Linear regression models were employed to assess trends in CD4 cell counts over time, adjusting for confounders.

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Main Results:

  • A significant decreasing trend in median post-seroconversion CD4 cell counts was observed over calendar time.
  • CD4 counts decreased by an average of 8.4 x 10 cells/L per year (95% CI, 4.0-12.9; P < 0.001).
  • This trend remained consistent across sensitivity analyses, including those with acute infection data.

Conclusions:

  • The study suggests a potential decline in CD4 cell counts in the early phase of HIV infection in Italy.
  • Further investigation is warranted to understand the implications of this observed decreasing trend in early CD4 cell counts.