Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Measurement of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption in Permeabilized Fibers of Drosophila Using Minimal Amounts of Tissue
14:55

Measurement of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption in Permeabilized Fibers of Drosophila Using Minimal Amounts of Tissue

Published on: April 7, 2018

Tetrahydrobiopterin and eNOS dimer/monomer ratio--a clue to eNOS uncoupling in diabetes?

Johann Bauersachs, Andreas Schäfer

    Cardiovascular Research
    |February 22, 2005
    PubMed
    Abstract

    No abstract available in PubMed .

    Related Concept Videos

    Cofactors and Coenzymes01:27

    Cofactors and Coenzymes

    Enzymes require additional components for proper function. There are two such classes of molecules: cofactors and coenzymes. Cofactors are metallic ions and coenzymes are non-protein organic molecules. Both of these types of helper molecule can be tightly bound to the enzyme or bound only when the substrate binds.
    Protein Modifications in the RER01:26

    Protein Modifications in the RER

    Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
    Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal sequences.
    Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

    Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

    The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
    Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment primarily uses...