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Assessment of post-vaccination tuberculin sensitivity in Lagos-Nigeria

O M Odujinrin1, D A Ogunmekan

  • 1Department of Community Health College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.

European Journal of Epidemiology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Recent tuberculosis increases, particularly in children, prompted an assessment of BCG vaccine effectiveness. While most infants showed inoculation sites, fewer developed detectable sensitization to tubercle bacilli via the Mantoux test.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Recent rise in tuberculosis (TB) cases, with a notable increase among children.
  • BCG vaccination is a primary preventive measure against TB, especially in endemic areas.
  • Understanding post-vaccination immune response is crucial for evaluating vaccine efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the post-vaccination conversion rate in infants immunized with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).
  • To determine the timeline of sensitization following BCG inoculation.
  • To compare physical evidence of inoculation with immunological sensitization.

Main Methods:

  • Study involved infants immunized with BCG.
  • Sensitization to tubercle bacilli was assessed using the Mantoux test.
  • Physical evidence of BCG inoculation was also recorded.

Main Results:

  • BCG inoculation sensitization was detected as early as 4 weeks post-vaccination.
  • A high percentage (84.2%) of infants had physical evidence of BCG inoculation.
  • However, only 69.8% of these infants developed detectable sensitization as confirmed by the Mantoux test.

Conclusions:

  • BCG inoculation site is common, but immunological conversion (sensitization) is less frequent.
  • The Mantoux test reveals a gap between physical BCG evidence and actual immune sensitization.
  • Further research may be needed to optimize BCG efficacy and monitoring in pediatric TB prevention.

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