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Fungal melanonychia.

Sang Won Lee1, You Chan Kim, Dong Kun Kim

  • 1Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.

The Journal of Dermatology
|February 26, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Fungal melanonychia, a rare condition causing nail pigmentation, can mimic serious melanocytic lesions. Prompt diagnosis and antifungal treatment are crucial for managing fungal nail infections and differentiating them from melanoma.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Mycology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Melanonychia presents as tan, brown, or black nail plate pigmentation.
  • Fungal melanonychia is an uncommon cause of nail discoloration.
  • It can clinically resemble longitudinal melanonychia from melanocytic lesions.

Observation:

  • Six cases of fungal melanonychia were evaluated.
  • Histopathological or mycological confirmation was performed.
  • Candida and/or Aspergillus species were identified in four patients via culture.

Findings:

  • Nail pigmentation resolved with antifungal therapy in all cases.
  • One patient developed a new lesion after treatment cessation.
  • Fungal infection is a treatable cause of melanonychia.

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Implications:

  • Fungal infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of melanonychia.
  • Distinguishing fungal melanonychia from subungual melanoma is critical.
  • Early antifungal treatment can improve outcomes for fungal melanonychia.