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Alpha4beta1 and alpha4beta7 CD4 T cell numbers increase and CLA CD4 T cell numbers decrease in systemic sclerosis.

E Scala1, R Paganelli, F Sampogna

  • 1Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IDI - IRCCS), Rome, Italy. e.scala@idi.it

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|February 26, 2005
PubMed
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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) alters CD4(+) T cell distribution, impacting immune cell homing. These changes correlate with disease severity and organ involvement, offering insights into SSc pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis and vascular abnormalities.
  • Understanding immune cell trafficking in SSc is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of adhesion molecules on CD4(+) T cells in SSc patients.
  • To determine if altered T cell distribution correlates with clinical manifestations, cutaneous involvement (limited vs. diffuse), and internal organ damage.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 51 SSc patients and 19 healthy controls.
  • Expression of CD3, CD4, CLA, alpha4beta7, and alpha4beta1 surface molecules on T cells was quantified.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Clinical data, including organ involvement and disease extent, were collected and correlated with cell surface marker expression.

    • Main Results:

    • SSc patients showed significantly increased alpha4beta1(+) and alpha4beta7(+) CD4(+) T cells, and reduced CLA(+) CD4(+) T cells compared to controls.
    • Lower alpha4beta7(+) cell counts were observed in limited cutaneous (lc) SSc versus diffuse cutaneous (dc) SSc.
    • Specific organ involvements correlated with distinct T cell subset alterations: esophageal involvement with high alpha4beta7(+), nephritis with low CLA(+), and lung involvement with altered alpha4beta1(+) and alpha4beta7(+) levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Distinct CD4(+) T cell populations with specific homing properties are dysregulated in SSc.
    • These alterations in T cell distribution are associated with the clinical presentation and organ-specific pathology of SSc.
    • Findings suggest that T cell homing patterns may play a significant role in SSc pathogenesis and disease progression.