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Related Experiment Videos

Biofiltration control of hydrogen sulfide. 2. Kinetics, biofilter performance, and maintenance.

Y Yang1, E R Allen

  • 1Envirogen, Inc., Princeton Research Center, Lawrenceville, New Jersey 08648, USA.

Air & Waste : Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

This study on hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biofiltration found removal efficiencies over 99.9%. Maintaining compost moisture and washing mitigated issues like acidification, ensuring effective H2S removal.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Kinetics

Background:

  • Biofiltration is a key technology for treating waste gases containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
  • Understanding H2S oxidation kinetics is crucial for optimizing biofilter performance and design.
  • Compost-based biofilters are widely used but susceptible to operational challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the kinetics of H2S oxidation in a compost biofilter.
  • To assess the long-term performance and stability of the biofilter system.
  • To identify operational parameters affecting biofilter efficiency and develop mitigation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Kinetics were determined by analyzing H2S oxidation rates at varying inlet concentrations.
  • Biofilter performance was monitored over 200 days, tracking H2S removal efficiency and compost properties.

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  • Inhibitory factors (acidification, sulfate accumulation) and recovery methods were investigated.

    • Main Results:

    • H2S oxidation followed first-order kinetics at low (<200 ppm), zero-order at high (>400 ppm), and fractional-order at intermediate concentrations.
    • Consistently achieved H2S removal efficiencies exceeded 99.9%.
    • System acidification and sulfate accumulation inhibited biological activity, while compost dry-out or overloading caused system upset.

    Conclusions:

    • Compost biofilters demonstrate robust performance and buffering capacity for H2S removal.
    • Routine washing effectively mitigates operational deficiencies like acidification and sulfate accumulation.
    • Developed methods facilitate the recovery of contaminated filter material, enhancing system resilience.