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Saccadic performance in questionnaire-identified schizotypes over time.

Diane C Gooding1, Heather B Shea, Christie W Matts

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA. dgooding@facstaff.wisc.edu

Psychiatry Research
|March 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Individuals with high social anhedonia showed more errors on antisaccade tasks, a deficit that remained stable over time. This suggests antisaccade task performance may indicate a predisposition to schizophrenia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders are associated with cognitive deficits.
  • Antisaccade task performance is a potential endophenotypic marker for schizophrenia.
  • Social anhedonia is a key symptom linked to psychosis risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal stability of antisaccade task performance in young adults at risk for psychosis.
  • To determine if social anhedonia scores predict antisaccade task performance over time.
  • To explore the utility of antisaccade deficits as an endophenotypic marker for schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • 121 young adults (mean age 19) completed saccadic tasks (antisaccade, refixation) at two time points (59-month interval).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants were grouped based on psychometric profiles, specifically elevated Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS) scores.
  • Performance metrics included error rates on the antisaccade task and temporal stability measures (Pearson's r, ICC).

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with high social anhedonia (SocAnh group) made significantly more antisaccade errors than controls at both assessments.
    • Antisaccade task performance demonstrated good to excellent temporal stability across groups over 59 months.
    • SAS scores and initial antisaccade accuracy significantly predicted later performance, accounting for substantial variability.

    Conclusions:

    • Antisaccade task performance is a temporally stable measure, even in individuals with schizotypal traits.
    • Deficits in antisaccade task performance, particularly in those with social anhedonia, may serve as a reliable endophenotypic marker for schizophrenia diathesis.
    • These findings support the use of antisaccade tasks in identifying individuals at heightened risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders.