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Doxapram-induced panic attacks and cortisol elevation.

David A Gutman1, Jeremy Coplan, Laszlo Papp

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University School of Medicine, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. dg170@columbia.edu

Psychiatry Research
|March 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Doxapram, a panicogen, induced panic attacks in panic disorder patients but not controls. This suggests panic disorder involves an overactive fear network, not just heightened arousal.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Panic attacks can be triggered by various agents affecting the central nervous system (CNS).
  • A leading hypothesis suggests panic disorder patients exhibit an exaggerated fear response to bodily sensations (somatic arousal).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if panic disorder patients experience panic due to an excessive fear response to somatic arousal.
  • To evaluate doxapram, a panicogen with minimal CNS effects, as a tool for studying panic disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Doxapram was administered to individuals with panic disorder and healthy controls.
  • Multiple measures assessed panic symptoms, anxiety, apprehension, and physiological markers (cortisol, prolactin, MHPG).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • All panic disorder patients experienced panic attacks with doxapram; no control subjects did.
  • Physiological and psychological arousal levels were comparable between groups, despite panic in patients.
  • Doxapram increased cortisol and prolactin similarly in both groups; MHPG remained elevated in panic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Doxapram effectively induces panic in susceptible individuals, serving as a valuable research tool.
  • Findings support the 'sensitized fear network' theory in panic disorder, as panic occurred without differential arousal.