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Related Experiment Videos

Multisite protein modification and intramolecular signaling.

Xiang-Jiao Yang1

  • 1Molecular Oncology Group, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A1. ziang-jiao.yang@mcgill.ca

Oncogene
|March 4, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Multisite protein modification acts as a complex molecular barcode, regulating eukaryotic protein function through diverse covalent modifications. This intricate system controls signaling pathways and protein interactions, impacting cellular processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for regulating protein function in eukaryotes.
  • Many proteins, including histones and kinases, undergo modifications at multiple sites, not just single sites.
  • These modifications include phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, and citrullination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the regulatory role of multisite protein modification.
  • To understand how these modifications form a complex regulatory program.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which multisite modifications influence protein function and signaling.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews existing literature on multisite protein modifications.

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  • It analyzes the role of various PTMs like phosphorylation and acetylation.
  • It discusses the recruitment of specific protein modules (e.g., SH2 domains, bromodomains) by modified proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • Multisite modification creates a dynamic 'molecular barcode' on proteins.
    • This barcode regulates protein function through 'loss-of-function' and 'gain-of-function' mechanisms.
    • Covalent modifications recruit diverse protein modules, with recruitment modulated by modifications at other sites.

    Conclusions:

    • Multisite protein modification is a sophisticated regulatory mechanism.
    • It enables coordinated intermolecular and intramolecular signaling.
    • This process allows for precise qualitative and quantitative control of protein function in vivo.