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Uveal effusion in primary angle-closure glaucoma.
Hiroshi Sakai1, Sayo Morine-Shinjyo, Manabu Shinzato
1Ophthalmology, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.
Ophthalmology
|March 5, 2005
Summary
Uveal effusion is common in acute and chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (PAC), with higher prevalence than in open-angle glaucoma. This condition in PAC is linked to shallower anterior chamber depth.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Glaucoma Research
- Anterior Segment Imaging
Background:
- Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and primary angle closure (PAC) are significant causes of vision loss.
- Uveal effusion, a condition involving fluid accumulation in the uvea, has not been extensively studied in the context of PAC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of uveal effusion in acute and chronic PAC/PACG.
- To compare the prevalence of uveal effusion in PAC/PACG with that in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT).
Main Methods:
- Prospective consecutive case series involving 501 eyes of 351 patients with PAC and 156 eyes of 116 patients with OAG/OHT.
- Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was utilized to diagnose uveal effusion and measure anterior chamber depth (ACD).
Main Results:
- Uveal effusion was detected in 58% of acute PACG eyes and 23% of fellow eyes.
- The prevalence of uveal effusion in chronic PAC was 14%, significantly higher than the 1.3% found in OAG/OHT eyes.
- In phakic eyes with chronic PAC, uveal effusion was associated with a significantly shallower ACD (1.92 mm) compared to eyes without effusion (2.06 mm).
Conclusions:
- Uveal effusion is a notable feature in PAC, particularly prevalent in acute PACG.
- Ultrasound biomicroscopy is effective for diagnosing uveal effusion in PAC.
- Shallowing of the anterior chamber depth is associated with uveal effusion in phakic eyes with PAC.