Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2026
Generation of the Early-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation Mouse Model to Assess Prenatal Inflammation on Neurodevelopment
Published on: March 24, 2026
The Preterm Prediction Study: association between maternal body mass index and spontaneous and indicated preterm
Israel Hendler1, Robert L Goldenberg, Brian M Mercer
1National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ihendler@med.wayne.edu
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between prepregnancy maternal body mass index and spontaneous preterm birth and indicated preterm birth.
Study Design:
This was a secondary analysis of the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network, Preterm Prediction study. Patients were classified into categories that were based on their body mass index. Rates of indicated and spontaneous preterm birth were compared.
Results:
Five hundred ninety-seven (20.5%) of 2910 women were obese. Obese women had fewer spontaneous preterm births at < 37 weeks of gestation (6.2% vs 11.2%; P < .001) and at < 34 weeks of gestation (1.5% vs 3.5%; P = .012). Women with a body mass index of < 19 kg/m2 had 16.6% spontaneous preterm birth, with a body mass index of 19 to 24.9 kg/m 2 had 11.3% spontaneous preterm birth, with a body mass index of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 had 8.1% spontaneous preterm birth, with a body mass index of 30 to 34.9 kg/m2 had 7.1% spontaneous preterm birth, and with a body mass index of > or = 35 kg/m2 had 5.2% spontaneous preterm birth (P < .0001). Indicated delivery was responsible for an increasing proportion of preterm births with increasing body mass index (P = .001). Obese women had lower rates of cervical length < 25 mm (5% vs 8%; P = .012). Multivariable regression analysis confirmed a lower rate of spontaneous preterm birth in obese gravid women (odds ratio, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.39-0.83; P = .003).
Conclusion:
Obesity before pregnancy is associated with a lower rate of spontaneous preterm birth.
