Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2026
Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
Published on: January 23, 2017
Reading performance in children with otitis media
Avishay Golz1, Aviram Netzer, S Thomas Westerman
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rambam Medical Center and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine-The Technion, Haifa, Israel. golz@netvision.net.il
Objective:
To examine whether middle ear diseases and the associated hearing loss in early childhood affect reading performance later at school.
Study Design And Setting:
One hundred and sixty children, 6.5 to 8 years of age, were enrolled in this study: 80 children with a history of recurrent infections and/or prolonged periods of effusions of the middle ear before the age of 5 years, and 80 healthy children without any history of middle ear disease. Data were collected from the medical records of the children. Every child underwent a complete otological and audiological evaluation, followed by special reading tests.
Results:
The study group performed more poorly, in all reading tests, as compared to the controls ( P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Children with recurrent or prolonged middle ear diseases during the first five years of life tend to be at greater risk for delayed reading than aged-matched controls with no previous middle ear diseases.
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