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Related Experiment Videos

Fracture risk with multiple myeloma: a population-based study.

L Joseph Melton1, Robert A Kyle, Sara J Achenbach

  • 1Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|March 5, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Patients with multiple myeloma experience a dramatic increase in fractures, primarily pathologic types, around diagnosis. Oral corticosteroid use is the main predictor of overall fracture risk in these patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma frequently causes fractures due to bone lesions and increased bone turnover.
  • The specific risks of pathologic versus osteoporotic fractures in myeloma patients remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the risk of pathologic and osteoporotic fractures in multiple myeloma patients.
  • To identify predictors of fracture risk in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based retrospective cohort study of 165 multiple myeloma patients diagnosed between 1945 and 2001.
  • Fracture risk assessed using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and proportional hazards models.

Main Results:

  • A 16-fold increase in fractures was observed in the year before myeloma diagnosis, predominantly pathologic.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Overall fracture risk increased ninefold post-diagnosis, with 69% being pathologic fractures.
  • Oral corticosteroid use and elevated serum calcium predicted overall fracture risk; chemotherapy predicted pathologic fractures.

    • Conclusions:

    • Multiple myeloma patients face a significant increase in fractures, particularly pathologic ones, around the time of diagnosis.
    • Oral corticosteroid use is the primary predictor of overall fracture risk in multiple myeloma patients.