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Tongue disease in advanced AIDS
P R de Faria1, P A Vargas, P H N Saldiva
1Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School of Piracicaba-UNICAMP, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil.
Oral Diseases
|March 9, 2005
Summary
The tongue frequently shows reactive, infectious, and concurrent lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Histological analysis of 92 autopsied AIDS patients revealed alterations in 75%, with hairy leukoplakia and candidosis being most common.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Infectious diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) significantly impacts oral health.
- The tongue is a common site for opportunistic infections and lesions in advanced HIV disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the spectrum of histological alterations in the tongues of autopsied patients who died with AIDS.
- To identify the prevalence and types of oral lesions associated with end-stage AIDS.
Main Methods:
- Autopsy examination of tongues from 92 patients with AIDS.
- Macroscopical and histological analysis using various staining techniques (H&E, Gomori-Grocott, Ziehl-Neelsen, PAS, Brow-Hopps, Mucicarmine).
- Correlation with clinical data including CD4 cell count.
Main Results:
- Histological alterations were observed in 75% of the cases.
- Most frequent lesions included hairy leukoplakia (42%), candidosis (31%), and chronic glossitis (29%).
- Common co-occurring lesions were hairy leukoplakia with candidosis (13 cases).
Conclusions:
- The tongue serves as a significant site for reactive, infectious, and concurrent lesions in end-stage AIDS.
- These findings highlight the importance of oral examination in managing AIDS patients.
- Understanding these oral manifestations aids in diagnosis and patient care.