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Proteinuria screening for children.

Mutsumi Murakami1, Mari Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi Yanagihara

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Japan's school urine screenings effectively detect early glomerulonephritis, reducing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in young individuals. This practice aids in managing kidney disease progression from childhood.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Public Health Screening

Background:

  • Annual school urine screenings for proteinuria and hematuria are standard in Japan.
  • The effectiveness of this widespread screening practice remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of urinary abnormalities in school children.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the school urine-screening program in early disease detection and management.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted school-based urine screenings.
  • Analyzed the prevalence of urine abnormalities and disease incidence.
  • Evaluated the impact of the screening program on disease outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of urinary abnormalities was 0.52% in elementary and 0.75% in junior high students.
  • Incidence of urinary abnormalities was 0.24% in elementary students.
  • The program effectively detects glomerulonephritis early, influencing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient numbers.

Conclusions:

  • The school urine-screening program is effective for early glomerulonephritis detection.
  • Screening contributes to a rising age of ESRD onset and fewer new cases before age 20 in Japan.
  • The program is a highly effective mass screening technique for kidney health.