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Pulse oximetry reference values at high altitude.

J M Lozano1, O R Duque, T Buitrago

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|March 1, 1992
PubMed
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This study establishes normal oxygen saturation of haemoglobin reference values for healthy children in Bogota, Colombia (2640m). Findings show lower saturation levels at high altitudes compared to sea level, crucial for accurate paediatric patient assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • High-Altitude Physiology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Pulse oximetry is a common tool for measuring oxygen saturation of haemoglobin in children.
  • Existing reference values for oxygen saturation are primarily based on populations at sea level.
  • There is a lack of established reference values for children residing at high altitudes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine reference values for oxygen saturation of haemoglobin in healthy children living in Bogota, Colombia (2640 m above sea level).
  • To provide data for accurate interpretation of pulse oximetry readings in high-altitude paediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 189 healthy children aged 5 days to 24 months were included.
  • Oxygen saturation of haemoglobin was measured using a Nellcor N10 oximeter.

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  • Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, were performed to assess age and physiological status variations.

    • Main Results:

    • The mean oxygen saturation of haemoglobin was 93.3% (SD 2.05%), with a 95% confidence interval of 93.0%–93.6%.
    • No clinically significant differences in saturation were observed across the age range studied.
    • Mean saturation was slightly lower in sleeping children (91.1%) compared to other states (93.3%), but not clinically significant.
    • Measured values were lower than those reported for children at sea level.

    Conclusions:

    • The determined reference values are applicable for interpreting oxygen saturation of haemoglobin in children from Bogota and similar high-altitude regions.
    • These findings highlight the need for altitude-specific reference ranges in paediatric pulse oximetry.
    • The study provides essential data for clinical practice in high-altitude environments.