An update in liver transplantation in patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Transplantation immunology
• Virology

Background:

• Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a primary indication for liver transplantation (LTx).
• Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection generally has better outcomes post-LTx due to advancements in prophylaxis and treatment.
• The clinical impact of HCV and HBV on LTx is significant, yet therapeutic interventions remain variable.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of the literature on liver transplantation in patients with chronic HCV or HBV infection.
• To address the challenges and complications associated with LTx in the context of viral hepatitis.
• To discuss current and evolving therapeutic strategies for managing HCV and HBV in liver transplant recipients.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of studies on liver transplantation for HCV and HBV.
• Analysis of outcomes, complications, and management protocols.
• Synthesis of data on therapeutic interventions and their efficacy.

Main Results:

• HCV remains a leading indication for LTx, with significant implications for graft and patient survival.
• HBV infection management has improved post-LTx outcomes, particularly with antiviral therapies and prophylaxis.
• Standardization of therapeutic interventions for viral hepatitis in LTx recipients is lacking, highlighting the need for evidence-based guidelines.

Conclusions:

• Liver transplantation is a critical treatment for end-stage liver disease caused by HCV and HBV.
• Optimizing management strategies for viral hepatitis pre- and post-LTx is essential for improving long-term outcomes.
• Further research is needed to standardize therapeutic protocols and address complications in this patient population.