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Acute tocolysis.

Edwin Chandraharan1, Sabaratnam Arulkumaran

  • 1Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 0RE, UK.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|March 11, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Acute tocolysis, using medications to relax the uterus, can reduce maternal and fetal complications. While new drugs offer promise, an ideal tocolytic agent with targeted action and rapid effect is still needed.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Emergency uterine relaxation is crucial for reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
  • Obstetricians require knowledge of indications, methods, efficacy, and complications of acute tocolysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on pharmacological agents for acute tocolysis in emergency obstetric situations.
  • To inform clinicians about the use of various agents in suppressing uterine contractions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on pharmacological agents for acute tocolysis.
  • Discussion of newer agents like cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and oxytocin antagonists.
  • Examination of calcium-channel blockers, nitroglycerin, and atosiban for tocolytic use.

Main Results:

  • Various agents are used for uterine relaxation, with newer options like atosiban and celecoxib introduced.
  • Potential complications include pulmonary edema with calcium-channel blockers.
  • Nitroglycerin and atosiban have shown success in specific emergency scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Acute tocolysis is indicated across antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods.
  • Current tocolytic agents may reduce maternal and fetal risks.
  • Further research is needed for an ideal tocolytic with high uterospecificity and rapid action.

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