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Development of the Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (MDI).
D J Rhea1, C D Lantz, A E Cornelius
1Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Ft. Worth, TX 76129, USA. d.rhea@rcu.edu
The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
|March 11, 2005
Summary
The Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (MDI) is a new 6-factor scale to identify muscle dysmorphia. It shows good reliability and validity, aiding in the assessment of this disorder.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sports Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Muscle dysmorphia is a proposed disorder characterized by a preoccupation with muscularity.
- Existing assessment tools may not fully capture the multi-dimensional nature of this condition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the 6-factor, 27-item Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (MDI).
- To assess the psychometric properties of the MDI, including construct and convergent validity.
Main Methods:
- The MDI was developed based on a proposed model of muscle dysmorphia characteristics.
- Quantitative procedures, including factor analyses and structural equation modeling, were employed for scale validation.
- Participants included male weightlifters, bodybuilders, and powerlifters across three studies.
Main Results:
- Reliability estimates (Cronbach's alpha) for the MDI ranged from 0.72 to 0.94.
- Factor analyses supported the proposed 6-factor structure of the MDI.
- Correlations with related measures provided evidence for the MDI's convergent validity.
Conclusions:
- The Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (MDI) is a reliable and valid multi-dimensional measure.
- The MDI shows promise in identifying individuals with muscle dysmorphia.
- This inventory can aid in the clinical identification and study of muscle dysmorphia.