Radiofrequency ablation of colorectal liver metastases

Untreated patients with colorectal liver metastases rarely survive 3 years, and the 3-year survival rate for patients treated with chemotherapy is 3%. The best survival rates are for the small subgroup that has operable disease, i.e., 39% at 5 years. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) offers a new opportunity to destroy liver metastases in patients who are not surgical candidates because of disease distribution or comorbidity.

Acceptance criteria were a maximum of four or five liver lesions with a maximum diameter of 4 or 5 cm and no evidence of active extrahepatic disease. Nearly all treatments were performed percutaneously using ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging (or some combination) for guidance and monitoring. RFA is a minimally invasive procedure that can be readily repeated. General anesthesia facilitates the procedure but is not essential. Multiple overlapping ablations are required to ensure optimal treatment in all but the smallest tumors.

In our cohort of 167 patients with colorectal liver metastases, 73 fulfilled the optimal acceptance criteria (5 or fewer tumors that were

RFA increases the therapeutic options for patients with colorectal metastases. Until controlled trials can better define the role of RFA, there are several groups of patients who are not surgical candidates and can be considered for RFA.