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Related Experiment Videos

The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone.

Ralph A Lugo1, Steven E Kern

  • 1Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112-5820, USA. rlugo@hsc.utah.edu

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy
|March 12, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Oxycodone, a common opioid analgesic, shows significant pharmacokinetic variability. Understanding its absorption, metabolism, and excretion is key for safe and effective pain management in diverse patient groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Oxycodone is a widely prescribed opioid analgesic for moderate-to-severe pain.
  • It is pharmacodynamically similar to morphine but exhibits distinct pharmacokinetic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the existing literature on oxycodone pharmacokinetics.
  • To highlight clinically significant aspects of oxycodone disposition and its implications for patient care.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive MEDLINE search was performed for literature published from 1966 to May 2004.
  • Relevant publications focusing on oxycodone pharmacokinetics were reviewed and synthesized.

Main Results:

  • Oxycodone exhibits significant interindividual pharmacokinetic variability.
  • Its hepatic metabolism via cytochrome P450 differs from morphine's glucuronidation.
  • Absorption profiles vary across different administration routes (oral, rectal, intranasal) and formulations (immediate, controlled release).

Conclusions:

  • Understanding oxycodone's pharmacokinetic profile is crucial for optimizing its safe and effective use.
  • Special populations, including pediatric patients and those with hepatic or renal impairment, require tailored dosing strategies.
  • Consideration of pharmacokinetic variations aids in maximizing efficacy and minimizing adverse events.

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