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Invasive pneumococcal disease in Greenland.

J Christiansen1, P Paulsen, K Ladefoged

  • 1Medical Department, Dronning Ingrids Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland. jacobnuuk@yahoo.com

International Journal of Circumpolar Health
|March 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Invasive pneumococcal disease is highly prevalent in Greenland, particularly among the Inuit population. Serotype 12F was associated with a higher mortality rate, while serotype 1 showed no fatalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Pneumococcal infections pose a significant public health challenge globally.
  • Understanding regional variations in incidence and serotype distribution is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and outcomes of pneumococcal infections in Greenland.
  • To identify the predominant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes and their impact on disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted on invasive pneumococcal infections in Greenland from 1996 to 2002.
  • Cases were identified through positive cultures of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Serotyping was performed, and patient medical records were reviewed to assess outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-one cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were identified.
  • The incidence was significantly higher among the Inuit (54 per 100,000) compared to non-Inuit (17 per 100,000).
  • Serotypes 1 and 12F were most common; serotype 12F was linked to higher mortality, while serotype 1 was not associated with any deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease, including meningitis, is highly prevalent among the Inuit in Greenland, similar to Canada and Alaska.
  • Young and middle-aged adults (35-64 years) were the most affected age groups.
  • Pneumococcal serotype is a critical factor influencing the outcome of invasive pneumococcal disease.

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