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Improving universal prenatal screening for human immunodeficiency virus.

Brenna L Anderson1, Hyagriv N Simhan, Daniel V Landers

  • 1Magee-Womens Hospital, Maternal Fetal Medicine and Reproductive Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA. banderson@mail.magee.edu

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
|March 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

An educational intervention by an HIV-focused nurse significantly increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing offer and acceptance rates among pregnant women. This improved screening ensures better maternal and infant health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Universal screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is crucial in prenatal care.
  • Educational interventions can enhance healthcare provider practices for HIV testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of an educational intervention on HIV screening in a prenatal clinic.
  • To evaluate changes in the offering and acceptance of HIV testing post-intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study comparing HIV testing rates before and after an educational intervention.
  • Data from 293 women pre-intervention and 206 women post-intervention.
  • Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test and logistic regression.

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Main Results:

  • HIV test offering at first visit increased from 96.5% to 99.5%.
  • HIV test acceptance rose from 74.8% to 84.3%.
  • Both improvements were statistically significant, with adjusted odds ratios indicating enhanced test acceptance post-intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing an HIV-focused nurse in a prenatal clinic setting significantly improves HIV test offering and acceptance.
  • This intervention contributes to more effective universal HIV screening in prenatal care.
  • Enhanced screening supports better management and prevention of HIV transmission.