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Related Experiment Videos

Cytokines, allergy, and asthma.

P Ly Ngoc1, Ly P Ngoc, Diane R Gold

  • 1Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Early life immune responses involving cytokines like IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 are key to developing allergies and asthma. Understanding T-regulatory cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy and Asthma Research

Background:

  • Reduced microbial exposure in early life is hypothesized to shift the immune system's Th1/Th2 balance towards a pro-allergic Th2 response.
  • This imbalance is linked to the clinical manifestation of allergic diseases and asthma.
  • Accumulating evidence highlights the critical role of Th2 cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, and IL-5, in allergy and asthma pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on the intricate relationship between cytokines and the development of allergy and asthma.
  • To emphasize the immune mechanisms underlying disease initiation, particularly during early life.
  • To explore the evolving understanding of cytokine involvement and immune cell regulation in atopic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent scientific articles.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of data from both murine models and human studies.
  • Focus on immunological pathways and cytokine functions.

    • Main Results:

    • Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-5) are identified as major contributors to allergy and asthma.
    • The Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma plays a concurrent role with Th2 cytokines in sustaining chronic inflammation in allergic diseases, especially asthma.
    • Emerging evidence implicates the suppression of T-regulatory cells in the immune mechanisms driving allergy and asthma.

    Conclusions:

    • Enhanced Th2 immune responses and associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-5) are central to allergy and asthma induction.
    • Interferon-gamma collaborates with Th2 cytokines to maintain chronic allergic inflammation.
    • The precise mechanisms driving Th2-skewed immune responses, potentially involving T-regulatory and Th1 cell suppression, require further investigation, particularly concerning early-life immune development.