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Neuroimaging in hepatic encephalopathy.

Charmaine A Stewart1, Martin Reivich, Michael R Lucey

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, Southwest, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. stewart.charmaine@mayo.edu

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
|March 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex brain condition linked to liver disease. This review outlines HE mechanisms and neuroimaging findings, clarifying neuroanatomical defects in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Hepatology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a poorly understood neuropsychological disorder associated with portal hypertension.
  • The exact mechanisms and full characterization of HE remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the understood mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy.
  • To outline associated findings from functional neuroimaging in HE patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on functional neuroimaging studies.
  • Integration of laboratory, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological data.

Main Results:

  • Functional neuroimaging has identified specific neuroanatomical defects in HE.

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  • Combined data clarify aspects of HE pathophysiology.

    • Conclusions:

    • Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in understanding the neuroanatomical basis of HE.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate HE mechanisms.