Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2026

The Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay: Simultaneous Fluorogenic Measurement of Thrombin and Plasmin Generation in a Single Well
08:01

The Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay: Simultaneous Fluorogenic Measurement of Thrombin and Plasmin Generation in a Single Well

Published on: February 27, 2026

[Fibrinolysis parameters: plasmin-alpha2 antiplasmin complexes (PAP) and D-dimers in acute coronary syndromes without

Ewa Grabarczyk1, Teresa Wodyńska, Maria Kotschy

  • 1Zakład Patofizjologii Akademii Medycznej w Bydgoszczy.

Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski : Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego
|March 18, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Acute coronary syndromes show increased plasmin-alpha2 antiplasmin complexes (PAP) and D-dimers, indicating higher blood fibrinolytic activity. Age over 50 correlated with higher D-dimers, while smoking showed lower levels.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) without ST segment elevation are a significant health concern.
  • Understanding the role of fibrinolysis in ACS is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Plasmin-alpha2 antiplasmin complexes (PAP) and D-dimers are key markers of fibrinolytic activity.

Purpose:

  • To determine the concentrations of PAP and D-dimers in patients with ACS without ST segment elevation.
  • To investigate the relationship between these markers and patient demographics and comorbidities.
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of PAP and D-dimers in ACS.

Summary:

  • Patients with ACS without ST segment elevation exhibited significantly higher concentrations of PAP and D-dimers compared to a control group.
  • Elevated D-dimer levels were observed in patients over 50 years old.
  • Smokers presented with lower D-dimer concentrations.
  • Gender, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes did not significantly affect PAP or D-dimer levels in this patient cohort.

Impact:

  • Findings suggest increased fibrinolytic activity in ACS patients, highlighting the potential of PAP and D-dimers as biomarkers.
  • Age appears to influence D-dimer levels in ACS.
  • Further research may elucidate the clinical implications of these findings for risk stratification and management of ACS.

More Related Videos

Experimental and Imaging Techniques for Examining Fibrin Clot Structures in Normal and Diseased States07:09

Experimental and Imaging Techniques for Examining Fibrin Clot Structures in Normal and Diseased States

Published on: April 1, 2015

Tracking Fibrinolysis of Chandler Loop-Formed Whole Blood Clots Under Shear Flow in An In-Vitro Thrombolysis Model06:16

Tracking Fibrinolysis of Chandler Loop-Formed Whole Blood Clots Under Shear Flow in An In-Vitro Thrombolysis Model

Published on: April 19, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...