[Leprosy in Africa. Current status and epidemiological significance]

The introduction briefly describes the pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis and modern treatment possibilities. In Africa leprosy is considered endemic. The World Health Organization estimates the total number of cases at 3.5 million. Over the last 20 years, however, the recorded number of cases has decreased dramatically. Increasing mobility on the part of the population, relocation from countryside to the cities, and a tendency towards urbanization are introducing a new dimension to leprosy distribution and the fight against the disease in Africa. Despite the not-inconsiderable financial, material and human resources that have so far been made available--mostly from outside the country--only a small percentage of the presumptive number of leprosy sufferers are receiving an adequate, modern combination therapy. This means that leprosy continues to represent a serious public and individual health problem in Africa.