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[Magnesium: physiological aspects and its implication in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies]
Ana Carolina Ariza1, Eulises Díaz, Ali Halhali
1Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México, DF. lodxx@yahoo.com
Summary
This review covers magnesium (Mg) physiology, its role in pregnancy, and the use of Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) for preeclampsia and eclampsia. It details Mg
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Physiology
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Magnesium (Mg) is an essential mineral with diverse physiological roles.
- Pregnancy, particularly conditions like preeclampsia and eclampsia, presents unique Mg requirements and therapeutic considerations.
- Understanding Mg absorption, excretion, and cellular functions is crucial for maternal and fetal health.
Purpose:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of magnesium physiology.
- To review the role and efficacy of Mg supplementation during normal pregnancy.
- To examine the established use of Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) in managing preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Summary:
- Details Mg intestinal absorption, renal excretion, and cellular distribution.
- Explains Mg's involvement in bone structure, enzymatic activity, cellular signaling, ion channel regulation, and gene expression.
- Discusses Mg supplementation for preventing preterm delivery, low birth weight, and preeclampsia, and reviews MgSO4 treatment for preeclampsia/eclampsia, including its effects on vasoactive factors regulating blood pressure and uteroplacental blood flow.
Impact:
- Informs clinical practice regarding Mg use in pregnancy and hypertensive disorders.
- Highlights Mg's multifaceted physiological importance beyond its role in preeclampsia.
- Provides a foundation for further research into Mg's therapeutic potential in obstetrics.