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Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism in an infant with pyelonephritis

Z Dolezel1, J Starha, D Novotna

  • 1IInd Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. zdolezel@med.muni.cz

Bratislavske Lekarske Listy
|March 22, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Urinary tract infections in infants can cause temporary pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA), a condition affecting electrolyte balance. Prompt treatment of the infection resolves PHA in newborns with immature kidney function.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and anomalies are common in children.
  • In infants, these conditions can contribute to secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA).

Observation:

  • An 8-week-old infant presented with poor appetite, lethargy, and hypotonia.
  • Laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, indicative of PHA.
  • The infant had acute pyelonephritis and grade IV vesico-ureteric reflux.

Findings:

  • Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) was diagnosed in the infant.
  • PHA was transient and resolved with antibiotic treatment of the pyelonephritis.
  • Renal tubular responsiveness to aldosterone is immature in infants.

Implications:

  • Transient PHA can occur in infants with UTIs and/or urinary tract anomalies.
  • This highlights the importance of considering electrolyte imbalances in infants with infections.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of UTIs are crucial for managing secondary PHA in neonates.
Abstract

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