Laboratory markers associated with progression of HIV infection

Infection with HIV may develop to AIDS at different rates in different individuals, with a spectrum varying from rapid progression to long-term non-progression. The variable course of HIV-1 infection causes emotional trauma for the infected person and complicates the design and interpretation of therapeutic trials because of unrecognized differences in prognosis. Owing to the variable clinical expression of HIV infection, the use of non-clinical disease markers has become important to patient management. Thus, it is essential to have tests which can accurately assess the stage of infection in an individual, as well as predict its course and monitor its progression. These laboratory tests are valuable during the period of clinical latency and subsequently supplement various clinical parameters.