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IRIS: a database surveying known human immune system genes.

James Kelley1, Bernard de Bono, John Trowsdale

  • 1Department of Pathology, Immunology Division, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.

Genomics
|March 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

The Immunogenetic Related Information Source (IRIS) database catalogs 1562 human immune genes, revealing insights into immune genome composition, clustering, and disease associations. This resource aids in understanding the genetic basis of immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The human immune system relies on a vast array of genes.
  • A comprehensive catalog of these immune genes is essential for research.
  • Existing resources may lack integrated functional and positional data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a centralized, searchable database of human immune genes.
  • To analyze the structural and functional characteristics of the immune genome.
  • To investigate the relationship between immune genes, their organization, and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of known human defense genes into an online database named IRIS.
  • Inclusion of searchable data: chromosomal location, sequence data, and functional annotation.

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  • Bioinformatic analysis of gene clustering, polymorphism, and disease association using the IRIS database.

    • Main Results:

    • The IRIS database contains 1562 immune genes (7% of the human genome) as of October 2004.
    • Immune gene clustering was observed, correlating with protein sequence similarity.
    • Polymorphism levels in immune genes are comparable to non-immune genes, with ~20% having known disease associations.

    Conclusions:

    • IRIS provides a valuable resource for studying the human immune genome.
    • Analysis reveals insights into the organization and evolution of immune genes.
    • The immune gene repertoire plays a significant role in human health and disease susceptibility.