Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Defining a cognitive function decrement in schizophrenia.

Richard S E Keefe1, Charles E Eesley, Margaret P Poe

  • 1Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA. richard.keefe@duke.edu

Biological Psychiatry
|March 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A phase 2 randomized controlled trial of luvadaxistat in treatment of adults with cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: results from the ERUDITE study.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Keep your participants close, but your informants closer? The added value of high and low contact informants to supplement self-report for the cognitive impairment of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia research. Cognition·2026
Same author

In memoriam - Robert M. Bilder, Ph.D.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of iclepertin for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CONNEX programme): results from three phase 3 randomised controlled trials.

The lancet. Psychiatry·2025
Same author

Primary and secondary caregiver burden of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: a qualitative study based on caregiver interviews.

Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Beyond symptom improvement: transdiagnostic and disorder-specific ways to assess functional and quality of life outcomes across mental disorders in adults.

World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)·2025
Same journal

Functional connectivity of orbitofrontal cortex predicts cocaine relapse: Protective and risk circuits, individual differences, and neuromodulation implications.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 orchestrates anxiolysis by enhancing anterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus glutamatergic neuronal activity to engage distinct downstream circuits.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Neuroimaging of Heterogeneity in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Toward Disease Progression Modeling.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-Induced Electric Fields on Slowing Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Remitted Major Depressive Disorder: An Analysis of the PACt-MD Randomized Clinical Trial.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Remembering Jon-Kar Zubieta, M.D., Ph.D.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Kappa opioid receptor availability in borderline personality disorder: An in-vivo investigation with [<sup>11</sup>C]EKAP PET imaging.

Biological psychiatry·2026
See all related articles

Almost all schizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive function decrement, a decline below expected levels. This finding challenges traditional impairment definitions and highlights the need for revised diagnostic criteria in schizophrenia research.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, yet many patients are not classified as impaired by traditional metrics.
  • A significant portion of individuals with schizophrenia do not meet conventional criteria for cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the percentage of schizophrenia patients meeting criteria for cognitive function decrement.
  • To define cognitive function decrement as current cognitive abilities falling below premorbid estimates.

Main Methods:

  • Linear regression analyses were conducted on healthy controls to establish predicted cognitive scores.
  • Premorbid intellectual function was estimated using maternal education, paternal education, and reading scores.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The percentage of schizophrenia patients with cognitive function below predicted levels was calculated.

    • Main Results:

    • Using the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT-3) and maternal education to predict performance, 42% of controls fell below expectations.
    • In stark contrast, 98.1% of schizophrenia patients fell below their predicted cognitive performance levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Defining cognitive function decrement as failing to reach expected cognitive functioning levels.
    • Nearly all patients diagnosed with schizophrenia meet this broader definition of cognitive decline.