A new approach for three-dimensional reconstruction of arterial ultrasonography

This report describes a computerized approach that allows the creation of realistic three-dimensional arterial images from two-dimensional contiguous slices derived from a conventional ultrasound scan. Furthermore, the study assesses the method's feasibility and accuracy by performing in vitro cadaver artery three-dimensional reconstructions. Images are digitized into a computer, with a resolution of 512 x 480 pixels, and a dynamic range of 8 bits/pixel (256 gray scale). After edge enhancement with convolution filters through the original binary data, the intraluminal and outer edges are traced and converted to a polygon vector within a defined three-dimensional space. Serial cuts, 2 mm apart, are then "stacked" into a three-dimensional model, with interpolation of polyhedra between slices. Sixteen normal and arteriosclerotic distal aortic and common iliac arteries were obtained from fresh cadavers. Three-dimensional reconstruction models were compared with gross examination of the original artery. Anatomically accurate reconstructions were obtained, all with detailed surface information. Data analyzed included diameter, area, residual lumen, and percent stenosis. Pearson's coefficients determined for the pairs of data indicated excellent correlation (greater than or equal to 0.90) between separate measurements. With use of the described technology it is feasible to perform arterial three-dimensional reconstructions on a personal computer, with detailed and accurate surface information. The three-dimensional reconstruction method used can reliably and consistently reproduce the anatomic specimens.