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The carpal tunnel as a compartment. An anatomic perspective.
T K Cobb1, B K Dalley, R H Posteraro
1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock.
Orthopaedic Review
|April 1, 1992
Summary
Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome show higher carpal tunnel pressure than healthy individuals. The exact cause and persistence of this pressure are still debated, with limited anatomical evidence for the closed-compartment theory.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Neurosurgery
- Anatomy
Background:
- Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is frequently associated with elevated carpal tunnel pressure.
- The underlying mechanisms contributing to increased carpal tunnel pressure in CTS remain controversial.
- Existing theories include the open- and closed-compartment models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of carpal tunnel pressure in CTS.
- To evaluate the supporting evidence for different etiological theories of elevated carpal tunnel pressure.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating carpal tunnel pressure in CTS patients and controls.
- Analysis of anatomical and physiological data related to carpal tunnel mechanics.
- Comparison of the open- and closed-compartment theories based on available evidence.
Main Results:
- Patients with CTS consistently demonstrate higher carpal tunnel pressure compared to asymptomatic controls.
- The etiology and mechanisms maintaining this elevated pressure are not fully elucidated.
- The closed-compartment theory lacks substantial anatomical corroboration.
Conclusions:
- Elevated carpal tunnel pressure is a recognized finding in carpal tunnel syndrome.
- Further research is needed to definitively establish the etiology and maintenance of increased carpal tunnel pressure.
- The current anatomical basis for the closed-compartment theory is weak.