Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Signaling to translational control pathways: diversity in gene regulation in inflammatory and vascular cells

Stephan W Lindemann1, Andrew S Weyrich, Guy A Zimmerman

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and the Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|March 30, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Gene expression is regulated by translational checkpoints, a key posttranscriptional mechanism. These pathways control cellular function and may be targeted for cardiovascular disease therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gene expression is tightly regulated at multiple levels.
  • Posttranscriptional regulation, particularly at the translational level, plays a critical role in controlling protein synthesis.
  • Specific signaling pathways modulate translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in response to cellular stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of translational checkpoints in regulating gene expression.
  • To understand how these pathways influence cellular phenotype in inflammatory and vascular cells.
  • To identify these regulatory pathways as potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression patterns.
  • Study of signaling pathways involved in mRNA translation.
  • Investigation of transcript-specific regulation of protein synthesis.
  • Examination of cellular responses in inflammatory and vascular cells.

Main Results:

  • A subset of genes is significantly controlled at the translational level.
  • Outside-in signals activate specialized pathways that regulate translation of specific mRNAs.
  • These pathways influence key aspects of cellular phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Translational checkpoints are a major mechanism of posttranscriptional gene regulation.
  • Dysregulation of these pathways and their protein targets is implicated in cardiovascular diseases.
  • Targeting these pathways offers a promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular conditions.

More Related Videos

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay11:38

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Published on: September 14, 2021

Isolation of Murine Retinal Endothelial Cells for Next-Generation Sequencing09:59

Isolation of Murine Retinal Endothelial Cells for Next-Generation Sequencing

Published on: October 11, 2021

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...