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Related Experiment Videos

Mind, brain, and personality disorders.

Glen O Gabbard1

  • 1Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS HMC500, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ggabbard@bcm.tmc.edu

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|April 1, 2005
PubMed
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Psychiatry should move beyond "mind" versus "brain" dichotomies for personality disorders. Integrating psychosocial factors and biological understanding, particularly through "theory of mind," improves treatment and pathogenesis insights.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The terms "mind" and "brain" in psychiatry are often polarized, with "mind" linked to environment and psychosocial factors, and "brain" to genetics and biology.
  • These dichotomies are frequently applied to the study and treatment of personality disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the application of "mind"-versus-"brain" dichotomies in the context of personality disorders.
  • To evaluate how research on antisocial and borderline personality disorders informs these dichotomies.
  • To reconsider the implications for understanding pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of research on antisocial and borderline personality disorders.
  • Analysis of the interplay between genetic, environmental, psychosocial, and biological factors.

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Main Results:

  • The separation of "genes," "brain," and "biological" from "environment," "mind," and "psychosocial" is problematic in clinical settings.
  • Genes and environment are intertwined in personality disorder pathogenesis.
  • Psychosocial experiences can cause lasting brain changes, and psychotherapy may alter brain structure and function.
  • The "theory of mind" construct can bridge "mind" and "brain" in treating personality disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Severe personality disorders require integrated understanding and treatment, avoiding "either-or" brain-mind dichotomies.
  • While "brain" and "mind" domains use different languages, the language of the mind is crucial for developing a patient's "theory of mind."