Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
08:35

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion

Published on: May 26, 2022

Advances in the pathogenesis and management of hypertensive crisis

Hiren P Patel1, Mark Mitsnefes

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University School of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|April 1, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Hypertensive crisis involves the renin-angiotensin system, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. New research updates pediatric treatments, with IV nicardipine emerging as a key option.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertensive crisis is a serious condition requiring prompt management.
  • Understanding the molecular underpinnings of hypertension is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of hypertensive crisis pathophysiology.
  • To highlight novel molecular mechanisms in hypertension.
  • To update therapeutic strategies for pediatric hypertensive crisis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on hypertensive crisis.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in hypertension.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging treatment options.

Main Results:

  • The renin-angiotensin system is implicated in hypertensive crisis pathogenesis.
  • Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are significant contributing factors.
  • Intravenous nicardipine shows promise as a safe and effective treatment for pediatric hypertensive crisis, offering an alternative to sodium nitroprusside.

Conclusions:

  • Further research, including animal and translational studies, is needed.
  • Identifying molecular pathogenesis is key to developing novel therapies.
  • Optimizing the treatment of hypertensive emergencies requires continued investigation.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

Hypertension V: Nursing Management

The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications01:28

Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications

Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...