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Urolithiasis in 68 horses.

S Laverty1, J R Pascoe, G V Ling

  • 1Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Davis, California.

Veterinary Surgery : VS
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Urolithiasis in horses commonly presents with hematuria and altered urination. Surgical removal of bladder stones in male horses has a low complication rate but a high recurrence rate.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Health
  • Urology

Background:

  • Urolithiasis, the formation of urinary stones, is a significant health concern in horses.
  • Understanding the prevalence, clinical signs, and treatment outcomes is crucial for equine practitioners.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the sites of urolithiasis in horses.
  • To identify common clinical signs associated with equine urolithiasis.
  • To evaluate treatment outcomes and recurrence rates for equine urolithiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records from 68 horses diagnosed with urolithiasis.
  • Categorization of calculi based on location (bladder, urethra, kidneys, ureter).
  • Analysis of clinical signs, treatment methods, and follow-up data.

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Main Results:

  • Calculi were most common in the bladder (47/68), followed by kidneys (15/68), urethra (11/68), and ureter (2/68).
  • Common signs included hematuria, altered micturition, and tenesmus. Weight loss was associated with renal/ureteral calculi and some cystic calculi.
  • Perineal urethrotomy for cystic calculi in males had few complications, but 7/15 (47%) experienced recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • Urolithiasis in horses affects various urinary tract sites, with distinct clinical presentations.
  • While surgical interventions like urethrotomy are effective for stone removal, recurrence remains a significant challenge.
  • Further research into preventative strategies and long-term management of equine urolithiasis is warranted.