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Related Experiment Videos

Development of a microchip-based bioassay system using cultured cells.

Makiko Goto1, Kiichi Sato, Atsushi Murakami

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 2, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel bioassay system on a glass microchip for rapid cell analysis. The system significantly reduces assay time and improves detection limits for molecules like nitric oxide.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Conventional bioassays often require lengthy procedures and large sample volumes.
  • Monitoring dynamic cellular responses, such as molecule release over time, presents significant challenges with traditional methods.
  • There is a need for integrated, high-throughput bioassay systems that offer improved sensitivity and reduced assay times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel, integrated bioassay system utilizing a microchip for enhanced cellular analysis.
  • To demonstrate the system's capability in monitoring real-time molecular release from cultured cells.
  • To improve upon the speed and sensitivity of existing bioassay methodologies.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microchip with integrated cell culture chambers and microchannels on a Pyrex glass substrate using photolithography and wet etching.

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  • Development of a custom temperature control device for localized thermal management within the microchip.
  • Integration of cell culture, chemical/enzymatic reactions, and detection using a thermal lens microscope to monitor nitric oxide (NO) release.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully monitored nitric oxide (NO) release from macrophage-like cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.
    • Reduced total assay time from 24 hours to 4 hours compared to conventional methods.
    • Improved the detection limit for NO from 1 x 10(-6) M to 7 x 10(-8) M.
    • Enabled real-time, time-course monitoring of NO release, a feat difficult with batch methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed microchip-based bioassay system offers a promising platform for rapid and sensitive cellular analysis.
    • The system demonstrates significant advantages in reduced assay time, enhanced detection limits, and real-time monitoring capabilities.
    • This technology holds potential for applications requiring minimal cell consumption and high throughput.