Continuous EEG monitoring in the intensive care unit: technical and staffing considerations

Continuous EEG monitoring in the intensive care unit (ICU) is superficially similar to that which occurs in the epilepsy monitoring unit, but it also presents unique technical challenges. ICU monitoring imposes an expectation of reliability on EEG recording equipment exceeding that which may be demanded by other settings; performance requirements may also differ. Reliable network connectivity between ICUs and other hospital locations is necessary, as is provision for off-site EEG review and display. Staffing should be adequate to support continuous recording, including performing hookups at off-hours. Selection of electrode number, type, and application method requires weighting of monitoring needs, nursing concerns, and imaging requirements.