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[Depersonalization--current data].

Yasser Khazaal1, Grégoire Zimmermann, Daniele Fabio Zullino

  • 1Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital de Cery, Prilly-Lausanne. Yasser.Khazaal@hospvd.ch

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|April 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Depersonalization involves emotional detachment from oneself, often co-occurring with derealization, altered external reality perception. Their causes and effective treatments, including psychotherapy and antidepressants, require further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Depersonalization is a disorder of self-consciousness characterized by emotional detachment.
  • Derealization involves altered perception of external reality.
  • These phenomena frequently co-occur and are not specific to any single psychiatric disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current literature on depersonalization.
  • To review clinical aspects, etiology, nosology, pathophysiology, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review using the Medline database.
  • Focused on clinical, etiological, nosological, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects.

Main Results:

  • Depersonalization and derealization are associated phenomena found across various psychiatric syndromes.

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  • Onset can be influenced by multiple factors, including substance use.
  • Pathophysiology is not well understood but may involve amygdala and serotonergic system dysfunction.

    • Conclusions:

    • No definitive treatments are established; psychotropic drugs and psychotherapy are proposed but lack conclusive evidence.
    • Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies.