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Spinal instability: the orthopedic approach.

Choll W Kim¹, Andrew Perry, Steven R Garfin

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92103-8894, USA.

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology

|April 7, 2005

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Assessing spinal stability is crucial for surgeons, but a clear definition remains challenging. Current systems like White and Panjabi

Area of Science:

Spine surgery
Orthopedic biomechanics
Spinal injury assessment

Background:

Spinal stability assessment is vital for surgical treatment planning.
A universally accepted clinical definition of spinal stability is lacking.
Existing classification systems primarily address traumatic injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current approaches to spinal stability assessment.
To highlight the limitations of existing classification systems.
To emphasize the multifactorial nature of determining spinal stability.

Main Methods:

Review of established spinal classification systems (White and Panjabi, Denis three-column model).
Analysis of factors influencing spinal stability determination.

Related Experiment Videos

Discussion of the scope and limitations of current assessment tools.

Main Results:

The White and Panjabi system offers a recognized method for assessing stability across spinal regions.
The Denis three-column model is effective for classifying thoracolumbar fractures.
Neither system fully encompasses all causes of spinal instability.

Conclusions:

Determining spinal stability requires consideration of the disease process, patient's condition, injury location, and imaging findings.
A comprehensive approach is needed to accurately assess spinal stability beyond traumatic injury classifications.