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Optic nerve diffusion measurement from diffusion-weighted imaging in optic neuritis.

Simon J Hickman1, Claudia A M Wheeler-Kingshott, Stephen J Jones

  • 1NMR Research Unit, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|April 9, 2005
PubMed
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Diffusion-weighted imaging reveals increased apparent diffusion coefficient in chronic optic neuritis, indicating axonal disruption. This finding correlates with visual acuity and electrophysiological measures in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Ophthalmology
  • Diffusion-weighted imaging

Background:

  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) increases in diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging suggest axonal disruption, observed in multiple sclerosis lesions.
  • DW imaging of optic nerves presents technical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure ADC in optic neuritis patients using zonal oblique multisection echoplanar imaging.
  • To assess chronic changes in optic nerve microstructure post-inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • DW imaging was performed on 16 patients with a history of optic neuritis and 10 control subjects.
  • Orbital optic nerves were segmented using computer-assisted contouring.
  • Mean ADC was determined for diseased, contralateral healthy, and control optic nerves.

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Main Results:

  • Mean ADC was significantly higher in diseased optic nerves (1324 x 10(-6) mm2/s) compared to healthy contralateral (990 x 10(-6) mm2/s) and control nerves (928 x 10(-6) mm2/s).
  • Diseased optic nerve ADC correlated with visual acuity (logMAR) and visual evoked potential (VEP) parameters.

Conclusions:

  • DW imaging is applicable to optic neuritis patients.
  • Elevated ADC in chronic optic neuritis serves as a surrogate marker for axonal disruption.
  • ADC measurements correlate with clinical and electrophysiological deficits.