[Malaria at the time of "Roll Back Malaria"]

Only within the last 4 years has worldwide political awareness of the impact of malaria made it possible to envision significant initiatives in malaria control and research within the framework of an ambitions and sustained program called the "Role Back Malaria (RBM) Partnership" coordinated by the WHO. The purpose of this article is to describe the current main objectives of the RBM partnership. This program implies a transfer of responsibilities and research technologies, which will require adaptation. Up to now French expertise has played little part.