Adhesion properties of adhesion-regulating molecule 1 protein on endothelial cells

Numerous adhesion molecules have been described, and the molecular mechanisms of lymphocyte trafficking across the endothelium is starting to be elucidated. Identification of the molecules involved in the organoselectivity of this process would help in the targeting of drug therapy to specific tissues. Adhesion-regulating molecule-1 (ARM-1) is an adhesion-regulating molecule previously identified on T cells. It does not belong to any known families of adhesion molecules. In this study, we show the presence of ARM-1 in endothelial cells, the adhesion partners of lymphocytes. ARM-1 mRNA was found to be differentially expressed in endothelial cell lines of various tissue origin and lymphocyte cell lines. Interestingly, ARM-1 is absent from skin endothelial cells. In our assay, skin endothelial cells display a distinct capacity to mediate adhesion of activated T lymphocytes. Overexpression of ARM-1 in skin endothelial cells increased adhesion of CEMT4 and NK lymphocytes, confirming that ARM-1 also regulates adhesion in endothelial cells. We also show that ARM-1 is a cytosolic protein associated with the plasma membrane. However, no cell surface expression of the protein was observed. These results suggest an indirect role of ARM-1 in adhesion rather than a direct role as an adhesion molecule itself.