Inflammation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Inflammation evolved to aid in the clearance of microorganisms. In pediatric arthritides, the inflammation persists and causes damage to the joint. The contribution of the innate immune system to inflammation is significant and can be exploited therapeutically. Although cells of the adaptive immune system such as T cells and B cells participate in the disease process, many of the features of arthritis are directly attributable to inflammatory mediators. Recent advances in the understanding of these processes have led to dramatic improvements in treatment.