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[Radiotherapy-induced pemphigus: a case report].

M Mseddi1, S Bouassida, M Khemakhem

  • 1Service de dermatologie, CHU Hédi-Chaker, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie. masmoudiabd@yahoo.fr

Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal De La Societe Francaise De Radiotherapie Oncologique
|April 12, 2005
PubMed
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Radiotherapy can rarely induce pemphigus vulgaris, a blistering skin condition. This case highlights a variable latency period between radiation exposure and the onset of symptoms, with clinical features similar to other pemphigus types.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip is a common malignancy.
  • Radiotherapy is a standard treatment for various cancers, including lip cancer.
  • Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare autoimmune blistering disease affecting the skin and mucous membranes.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old male patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip developed pemphigus vulgaris.
  • The condition manifested two months post-radiotherapy, with initial lesions on the face and neck, later spreading.
  • The patient's skin lesions improved with glucocorticosteroid therapy.

Findings:

  • Radiotherapy-induced pemphigus vulgaris is a rare but documented phenomenon.
  • The latency period between radiotherapy and the onset of pemphigus can be variable.

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  • The clinical, histological, and immunological characteristics of this induced pemphigus are comparable to other forms of pemphigus.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering radiotherapy as a potential trigger for pemphigus vulgaris.
    • Awareness of this rare side effect is crucial for dermatologists and oncologists managing patients undergoing radiation therapy.
    • Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms linking radiotherapy to pemphigus induction.